一Badgers獾类1
原来獾这么爱干净
獾类是鼬科中短腿杂食动物,它们的习性因所属科目不同而有所区别,但是所有獾类动物都躲避在地下,或者居住在洞穴里。獾的穴也叫獾穴,獾穴通常很长,有的甚至长达50多米。獾是爱干净的动物,它们会选择出去排便,还会用干净的草或树叶填塞獾穴,用于睡眠。
Badgersareshort-leggedomnivoresinthefamilyMustelidae.Theirbehaviordiffersbyfamily,butallshelterunderground,livinginburrowscalledsetts(獾穴),whichcanbefairlylong,evenlongerthan50meters.Badgersarecleananimals.Theygooutsidetopoopandtheylinetheirsleepingroomswithcleangrassorleaves.
2
獾的冬眠方式与众不同
严格来说,獾类在冬天不冬眠,而是进入一种深度睡眠,称为蛰伏。在蛰伏状态,它们的体温和心率下降。獾一般睡一到两天,醒来后进食,然后继续睡。
Strictlyspeaking,Badgersdon’thibernateduringthewinter,buttheygointoadeepsleepcalledtorpor.Duringtorpor,theirbodytemperatureandheartbeatgoesdown.Badgerssleepforadayortwo,wakeuptoeat,andsleepsomemore.
3
又害羞又勇敢如虎的动物——獾
獾是害羞的动物,但是它们也很勇敢。如果受到惊吓,它们会跟比自己大很多的动物打架,比如狼、土狼、狗甚至人类。
Badgersareshy,buttheyarealsobrave.Theywillfightanimalsmuchlargerthanthemselvesiffrightened,suchaswolves,coyotes,dogsandevenhumans.
二Hedgehogs刺猬1
刺猬的生活习性
刺猬属于哺乳动物,存活了数百万年。它们身上有一层坚硬、锋利的刺。被攻击时,它们能将身体卷曲成球状,将刺朝外,让对方食欲全消,以此来抵御捕食者,保护自己。它们白天通常会用这个姿势睡觉,等到晚上醒来才去觅食。
Hedgehogsaremammalsthathavebeenaroundformillionsofyears.Theyhaveacoatofstiff,sharpspines.Ifattacked,theywillcurlintoapricklyandunappetizingballthatdetersmostpredators.Theyusuallysleepinthispositionduringthedayandawakentosearchforfoodatnight.
2
冬眠、夏眠,或者不眠
在较冷的天气里,刺猬会冬眠。在沙漠里,它们进行相似的活动以睡觉来应对酷热和干旱,这个过程叫夏蛰。而在气候比较温和的地区,它们全年保持活动。
Hedgehogshibernateincoldclimates.Indeserts,theysleepthroughheatanddroughtinasimilarprocesscalledaestivation.Theyremainactiveallyearinmoretemperatelocations.
3
冬眠期间,刺猬不再是恒温动物
它们的体温会降低,来适应外界环境,这使它们节约很多能量。
Thehedgehogstopsbeingawarm-bloodedanimalduringhibernation.Theydroptheirbodytemperaturetomatchtheirsurroundings.Thisallowsthemtosavealotofenergy.
“Summary”
从上文中,你是否已经看出动物有不同的冬眠方式呢?我们来一起总结一下:
1
Truehibernation冬眠
Fortruehibernators,theirbodiescoolwaydown.Theydon’tmovefordaysorweeks.It’shardtowakeananimalintruehibernation.Thiscanbedangerousifapredatorattacksthetruehibernators.So,theyoftenfindasafedenbeforetheysleep.
Truehibernatorsinclude
冬眠的动物包括
chipmunks(花栗鼠),woodchucks(美洲土拨鼠),bats(蝙蝠),turtles(龟类),frogs(青蛙),toads(蟾蜍),salamanders(蜥蜴),andsnakes(蛇类).
2
Torpor蛰伏
Someanimalsdon’treallyhibernatebutgointoadeepsleepcalledtorpor.Torporcanlastforafewdaysorjustafewhoursonaverycoldnight.Theirbodydoescooloff,butnotasmuchashibernators.Intorporananimalcanwakeupincaseofdanger.Onlywarm-bloodedanimalscanusetorportosurvivethewinter.
Animalsthatgointotorporinclude
蛰伏的动物包括
blackbears(黑熊),raccoons(浣熊),skunks(臭鼬),somemice(老鼠)andbirds(鸟类).
3
Estivation夏眠
Sometimesanimalshibernatetosurvivehot,dryweatherinsteadofcold.Thiskindofhibernationiscalledestivation.
到这里冬季FieldTrip之冬眠系列就完结啦!
和小编一起期待下一期的FieldTrip吧